NewsNeuroSeeker aims at tackling the structure and function of cortical modules in very different functional and cognitive contexts in order to understand the basic laws of multi-scale interactions between various cortical areas. Our research program is grounded in a theoretical background based on dynamical systems theory, electrophysiology, and expertise in the development of high-density neural probe arrays. It aims at bringing the level of detail in the analysis of brain circuits usually found in “pure physiology” experiments to the realm of cognition and behavior, by analyzing freely behaving animal and human subjects during the execution of a variety of cognitive and perceptual tasks.
Objectives
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Provide a new functional picture of cortical micro-circuitsWe want to elucidate how different cortical layers encode and process information about a stimulus, or an upcoming action. Moreover, we aim at exploring different roles of cortical laminae in the formation, consolidation and retrieval of memories. Last, we plan to assess how different interneuronal types are involved in regulating and pacing neural activity, favouring the emergence of information carrying activity configurations (e.g. ‘cell assemblies’). |
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Describe the interaction of cortical micro-circuits with the global state of the brainBased on the knowledge about local cortical circuits, we will combine large scale, high specificity monitoring of neural ensembles in one brain area with similar characterizations in tightly related areas. We will also combine local ensemble recording with large-scale pictures of the global brain state as they may be collected with e.g. electrocorticography (eCoG) or in depth recordings (stereo EEG). |
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Formulate a dynamical theory of micro-circuits and interactions with the rest of the brainThe wealth of new data obtained will allow for the mechanistic understanding of fundamental computations underlying cognitive processing in sensorimotor integration, memory and visual decision making. Based on cortical anatomy we shall concentrate on three candidate mechanisms that map onto common cognitive processes, i.e. (i) the combination of feedforward (bottom-up) and feedback (top-down) inputs that corresponds to an across layer integration, (ii) the within-layer combination of activity, mediated by horizontal projections,and (iii) the integration of activity arriving in the same layer from different cortical areas. |
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Develop a high-yield, high specificity software/hardware platform for circuit analysisWe will produce ultra-high density, programmable silicon-based probes for extracellular electrophysiological recording, and probes for laminar-specific optogenetic stimulation. These probes will have a modular design allowing combinations in any desired configuration, and will be packaged for recording in rodents, non-human primates and human patients. Taking full advantage of these probes will involve the development of new algorithms and software for online optimization of probe configuration, and for detecting and sorting spike waveforms which may be sensed on any subset of contacts. |
